Single number bet – A single number bet stands as the riskiest bet that can be made during a game of roulette with a 35/1 payout. It is possible to bet on the ‘0' or ‘00', unlike many of the outside bets, although the odds still stand the same with 35/1 despite the 37/1 risk that comes with a single number bet. Odd or Even roulette numbers (pair or impairment) Amongst the simple chances in the game of roulette importance can be placed putting bets on even or odd numbers (pair or impairment). Similar to the setting on 'red' or 'black' there is a chance of winning 48.6% with French roulette. There are therefore a possible 18 out of 37 numbers.
By Ion Saliu, Founder of Roulette Mathematics
This question was posted in mathematical newsgroups (alt.math.recreational, alt.math.undergrad, alt.sci.math.probability): 'Winning and Quitting on Red/Black in Roulette'.
- 'Obviously in roulette betting on in the long run you are going to lose your money but at some point chances are you'll be in profit. To take an extreme example if you had $1000 you could reasonably expect to be up $1 at some point. Is it possible to generalize this? I want to win W dollars at which point I will quit. How much cash C would I need to have probability P of succeeding? Let's say I'm betting on a 37 number roulette wheel (18 red 18 black and one green 0)?'
On the surface, the best probability for the roulette player to be ahead is in one trial (spin): 48.6% to win (versus 51.4% to lose), as far as even-money betting is concerned. I don't agree that it is the best strategy (betting all your bankroll on one spin).
Theoretically, no bankroll will put a player ahead guaranteed, IF flat-betting and playing very long consecutive sessions. There are moments, however, when the roulette player can be ahead by at least one betting unit. Even in even-money bets, the player has a good chance to be ahead by at least one unit after 5, or 10, or even 100 spins. But more than 20 spins are NOT recommended; the probability (odds) to lose go(es) above 50%! Think about it!
The main thing, mathematically, is the number of player's wins in N trials. To be ahead, means the player has won at least one more roulette spin (number of successes) than the number of losses in N trials. The question then becomes:
'What are the probabilities for the player to be ahead in various numbers of trials?'
Everybody can use my probability software SuperFormula, option L: At Least M successes in N trials.
Winning probability: p = 18/37; M must be at least (N/2) + 1.
Here is a number of cases from the player's perspective.
The figures are applicable to all even-money roulette bets: black or red; even or odd; low or high (1-18 or 19-36).
1 trial (spin)
- probability (odds) to win: 48.6%; odds = 1 in 2.05
- probability (odds) to lose: 51.4%; odds = 1 in 1.95
(the probability to lose is 19/37; adding zero to unfavorable cases).
2 trials (spins)
- probability (odds) to win 2 of 2: 23.7% (1 of 2 doesn't mean 'being ahead')
- probability (odds) to lose 1 of 2: 76.3%
3 spins
- probability (odds) to win at least 2 of 3: 48%
- probability (odds) to lose at least 2 of 3: 52%
10 spins
- probability (odds) to win at least 6 of 10: 34.4%; odds = 1 in 2.91
- probability (odds) to lose at least 6 of 10: 41.1%; odds = 1 in 2.43
20 spins
- probability (odds) to win at least 11 of 20: 36.5%
- probability (odds) to lose at least 11 of 20: 46.2%
100 spins
- probability (odds) to win at least 51 of 100: 35.5%; odds = 1 in 2.82
- probability (odds) to lose at least 51 of 100: 56.8%; odds = 1 in 1.76.
It's getting worse for the player..
The roulette strategy (or system) is a totally different ball game! But there are professional gamblers out there, including roulette players! They must have strategies, some roulette systems deduced from some figures like the ones above! The player can be ahead at any point in the game. If so, maybe it's time to move to another (or casino) table: It improves the odds of winning!
Always keep track of the losing and winning streaks. Be strong and put an end to a winning streak. You are ahead, you quit the roulette table. Go to another table and wait until you are ahead. The bankroll is of the essence: It must assure going through long losing streaks. Divide the streaks in 10 spins or 20 spins. Never fight aggressively short or mid-term losing streaks. This is the best approach for those who do not know Ion Saliu's casino gambling systems. A good approach to gambling is the next best thing to a good gambling system! Applicable to blackjack and baccarat, too!
Axiomatic one, everybody knows that the casinos have an edge or house advantage (HA) in all the games they offer, roulette including. The house advantage is created by the payouts in rapport to total possibilities for the respective bet. We can apply this simple formula based on units paid UP over total possibilities TP:
HA = 1 – (UP / TP)(always expressed as a percentage.)
For example, in single-zero roulette, the one-number (straight-up) bet has payout of 35 to 1. The to qualifier is very important: the casino pays you 35 units and they give you back the unit you bet; thus, you get 36 units. There are 37 possibilities in single-zero roulette: 36 numbers from 1 to 36 plus the 0 number. Therefore, HA = 1 – (UP / TP) = 1 – (36 / 37) = 1 – 0.973 = 0.027 = 2.7%.
Let's calculate HA for the 1 to 1 bets: black/red, even/odd, low/high. HA = 1 – (UP / TP) = 1 – (2 / 2.055) = 1 – 0.973 = 0.027 = 2.7%. There are little differences among bets depending on how many decimal points we work with in our calculations.
The point is, the casinos have an advantage, or the players have a disadvantage. Nonetheless, the players' disadvantage is far better than what they face in state-run lotteries. Yet, most casino gamblers lose big, including at roulette tables. They do not have sufficient bankrolls to withstand long losing streaks.
However, around 45% of the roulette numbers lead the gamblers to profits in a few thousand spins. That is, with a sufficient bankroll, a player has a pretty good chance to make a profit, even if playing a random roulette number, or a favorite number. I analyzed about 8000 roulette spins from Hamburg Spielbank (casino). Quite a few numbers ended up making a profit: roulette systems, magic numbers.
By contrast, the more lottery drawings a player plays, the higher the degree of certainty of a loss. Let's make a comparative analysis to the roulette long series above (spins: total roulette numbers, 37, multiplied by 200). If playing the pick-3 lottery for some 100,000 drawings, it is guaranteed that all pick-3 straight sets will be losers. Some numbers will hit up to 3% to 5% above the norm — but that is not nearly enough to assure a profit. A frequency of 3% to 5% above the norm leads to profits in roulette, however.
Ion Saliu's Paradox and Roulette
Ion Saliu's Paradox of N Trials is presented in detail at saliu.com, especially the probability theory page and the mathematics of gambling formula. If p = 1 / N, we can discover an interesting relation between the degree of certainty DC and the number of trials N. The degree of certainty has a limit, when N tends to infinity. That limit is 1 — 1/e, or approximately 0.632..If you play 1 roulette number for the next 38 spins, common belief was that you expected to win once. Not! Non! Only if you play 38 numbers in 1 spin, your chance to hit the winning number is 100%. Here is an interesting table, which includes also The Free Roulette System #1 presented at the main roulette site.
The maximum gain comes when playing 38 numbers in one spin: 36.3%. Obviously, it makes no sense to play that way because of the house advantage. On the other hand, a so-called wise gambler is more than happy to play one number at a time. What he does is simply losing slowly! Not only that, but losing slowly is accompanied by losing more. That cautious type of gambling is like a placebo. A roulette system such as Free System #1 scares most gamblers. 'Play 34 or 33 numbers in one shot? I'll have a heart attack!' In reality, the Free Roulette System #1 offers a 28.8% advantage over playing singular numbers in long sessions. That's mathematics, and there is no heart to worry about, axiomatic one.
You can also use SuperFormula to calculate all kinds of probabilities and advantage percentages. The option L — At least M successes in N trials is a very useful gambling instrument. If you play 19 numbers in one spin, the probability to win is 50%. If you play 19 numbers in 2 consecutive spins, the probability to win at least once is 75%.
Editor's note
• In an apparent change of heart, the Hamburg casino (Spielbank) offers online roulette results for free. The new link is (for the time being!):
www.spielbank-hamburg.de/spielsaal/permanenzen.php4
• • Real-life roulette spins are also available from the Wiesbaden, Germany, Casino (Spielbank)
Chinese new year celebration crown casino no deposit. www.spielbank-wiesbaden.de/DE/621/Permanenzen2.php: Wiesbaden Spielbank Permanenzen
Roulette: Software, Systems, Super Strategy
See a comprehensive directory of the pages and materials on the subject of roulette, software, systems, and the Super Strategy.- Theory, Mathematics of Roulette Systems, Strategies, Software.
- The Best-Ever Roulette Strategy, Systems based on mathematics of progressions and free-for-all.
- An inventory of free and outrageously pricedroulette systems.
- Software, Systems: Roulette Wheel Positioning, Sectors, Birthday Paradox.
- 'Roulette System that Won Millions!'
~ Ion Saliu's roulette theory, systems, and software were pirated by an Australian gambling group. - James Bond Roulette System for Dozens, Columns.
- Roulette Systems, Threats from Casino Chairman.
- Anti-Gambler Advice from John Patrick, Casino Moleextraordinaire and conspirator.
- Wizard of Odds Had High Praise For Ion Saliu's Gambling Theory.
- Casinos pay troubled individuals to intimidate intelligent gambling system authors.
- Download roulette, blackjack, casino gambling, systems, software.
Roulette Odds On 00
| Home | Search | New Writings | Odds, Generator | Contents | Forums | Sitemap |
Three rounds of the game, showing two, three and four fingers. | |
| Genre(s) | Hand game |
|---|---|
| Players | 2 |
| Setup time | None |
| Playing time | Instant |
| Random chance | None |
| Skill(s) required | Psychology |
Odds and evens is a simple game of chance and hand game, involving two people simultaneously revealing a number of fingers and winning or losing depending on whether they are odd or even, or alternatively involving one person taking picking up coins or other small objects and hiding them in their closed hand, while another player guesses whether they have an odd or even number. The game may be used to make a decision or played for fun.
Single number bet – A single number bet stands as the riskiest bet that can be made during a game of roulette with a 35/1 payout. It is possible to bet on the ‘0' or ‘00', unlike many of the outside bets, although the odds still stand the same with 35/1 despite the 37/1 risk that comes with a single number bet. Odd or Even roulette numbers (pair or impairment) Amongst the simple chances in the game of roulette importance can be placed putting bets on even or odd numbers (pair or impairment). Similar to the setting on 'red' or 'black' there is a chance of winning 48.6% with French roulette. There are therefore a possible 18 out of 37 numbers.
By Ion Saliu, Founder of Roulette Mathematics
This question was posted in mathematical newsgroups (alt.math.recreational, alt.math.undergrad, alt.sci.math.probability): 'Winning and Quitting on Red/Black in Roulette'.
- 'Obviously in roulette betting on in the long run you are going to lose your money but at some point chances are you'll be in profit. To take an extreme example if you had $1000 you could reasonably expect to be up $1 at some point. Is it possible to generalize this? I want to win W dollars at which point I will quit. How much cash C would I need to have probability P of succeeding? Let's say I'm betting on a 37 number roulette wheel (18 red 18 black and one green 0)?'
On the surface, the best probability for the roulette player to be ahead is in one trial (spin): 48.6% to win (versus 51.4% to lose), as far as even-money betting is concerned. I don't agree that it is the best strategy (betting all your bankroll on one spin).
Theoretically, no bankroll will put a player ahead guaranteed, IF flat-betting and playing very long consecutive sessions. There are moments, however, when the roulette player can be ahead by at least one betting unit. Even in even-money bets, the player has a good chance to be ahead by at least one unit after 5, or 10, or even 100 spins. But more than 20 spins are NOT recommended; the probability (odds) to lose go(es) above 50%! Think about it!
The main thing, mathematically, is the number of player's wins in N trials. To be ahead, means the player has won at least one more roulette spin (number of successes) than the number of losses in N trials. The question then becomes:
'What are the probabilities for the player to be ahead in various numbers of trials?'
Everybody can use my probability software SuperFormula, option L: At Least M successes in N trials.
Winning probability: p = 18/37; M must be at least (N/2) + 1.
Here is a number of cases from the player's perspective.
The figures are applicable to all even-money roulette bets: black or red; even or odd; low or high (1-18 or 19-36).
1 trial (spin)
- probability (odds) to win: 48.6%; odds = 1 in 2.05
- probability (odds) to lose: 51.4%; odds = 1 in 1.95
(the probability to lose is 19/37; adding zero to unfavorable cases).
2 trials (spins)
- probability (odds) to win 2 of 2: 23.7% (1 of 2 doesn't mean 'being ahead')
- probability (odds) to lose 1 of 2: 76.3%
3 spins
- probability (odds) to win at least 2 of 3: 48%
- probability (odds) to lose at least 2 of 3: 52%
10 spins
- probability (odds) to win at least 6 of 10: 34.4%; odds = 1 in 2.91
- probability (odds) to lose at least 6 of 10: 41.1%; odds = 1 in 2.43
20 spins
- probability (odds) to win at least 11 of 20: 36.5%
- probability (odds) to lose at least 11 of 20: 46.2%
100 spins
- probability (odds) to win at least 51 of 100: 35.5%; odds = 1 in 2.82
- probability (odds) to lose at least 51 of 100: 56.8%; odds = 1 in 1.76.
It's getting worse for the player..
The roulette strategy (or system) is a totally different ball game! But there are professional gamblers out there, including roulette players! They must have strategies, some roulette systems deduced from some figures like the ones above! The player can be ahead at any point in the game. If so, maybe it's time to move to another (or casino) table: It improves the odds of winning!
Always keep track of the losing and winning streaks. Be strong and put an end to a winning streak. You are ahead, you quit the roulette table. Go to another table and wait until you are ahead. The bankroll is of the essence: It must assure going through long losing streaks. Divide the streaks in 10 spins or 20 spins. Never fight aggressively short or mid-term losing streaks. This is the best approach for those who do not know Ion Saliu's casino gambling systems. A good approach to gambling is the next best thing to a good gambling system! Applicable to blackjack and baccarat, too!
Axiomatic one, everybody knows that the casinos have an edge or house advantage (HA) in all the games they offer, roulette including. The house advantage is created by the payouts in rapport to total possibilities for the respective bet. We can apply this simple formula based on units paid UP over total possibilities TP:
HA = 1 – (UP / TP)(always expressed as a percentage.)
For example, in single-zero roulette, the one-number (straight-up) bet has payout of 35 to 1. The to qualifier is very important: the casino pays you 35 units and they give you back the unit you bet; thus, you get 36 units. There are 37 possibilities in single-zero roulette: 36 numbers from 1 to 36 plus the 0 number. Therefore, HA = 1 – (UP / TP) = 1 – (36 / 37) = 1 – 0.973 = 0.027 = 2.7%.
Let's calculate HA for the 1 to 1 bets: black/red, even/odd, low/high. HA = 1 – (UP / TP) = 1 – (2 / 2.055) = 1 – 0.973 = 0.027 = 2.7%. There are little differences among bets depending on how many decimal points we work with in our calculations.
The point is, the casinos have an advantage, or the players have a disadvantage. Nonetheless, the players' disadvantage is far better than what they face in state-run lotteries. Yet, most casino gamblers lose big, including at roulette tables. They do not have sufficient bankrolls to withstand long losing streaks.
However, around 45% of the roulette numbers lead the gamblers to profits in a few thousand spins. That is, with a sufficient bankroll, a player has a pretty good chance to make a profit, even if playing a random roulette number, or a favorite number. I analyzed about 8000 roulette spins from Hamburg Spielbank (casino). Quite a few numbers ended up making a profit: roulette systems, magic numbers.
By contrast, the more lottery drawings a player plays, the higher the degree of certainty of a loss. Let's make a comparative analysis to the roulette long series above (spins: total roulette numbers, 37, multiplied by 200). If playing the pick-3 lottery for some 100,000 drawings, it is guaranteed that all pick-3 straight sets will be losers. Some numbers will hit up to 3% to 5% above the norm — but that is not nearly enough to assure a profit. A frequency of 3% to 5% above the norm leads to profits in roulette, however.
Ion Saliu's Paradox and Roulette
Ion Saliu's Paradox of N Trials is presented in detail at saliu.com, especially the probability theory page and the mathematics of gambling formula. If p = 1 / N, we can discover an interesting relation between the degree of certainty DC and the number of trials N. The degree of certainty has a limit, when N tends to infinity. That limit is 1 — 1/e, or approximately 0.632..If you play 1 roulette number for the next 38 spins, common belief was that you expected to win once. Not! Non! Only if you play 38 numbers in 1 spin, your chance to hit the winning number is 100%. Here is an interesting table, which includes also The Free Roulette System #1 presented at the main roulette site.
The maximum gain comes when playing 38 numbers in one spin: 36.3%. Obviously, it makes no sense to play that way because of the house advantage. On the other hand, a so-called wise gambler is more than happy to play one number at a time. What he does is simply losing slowly! Not only that, but losing slowly is accompanied by losing more. That cautious type of gambling is like a placebo. A roulette system such as Free System #1 scares most gamblers. 'Play 34 or 33 numbers in one shot? I'll have a heart attack!' In reality, the Free Roulette System #1 offers a 28.8% advantage over playing singular numbers in long sessions. That's mathematics, and there is no heart to worry about, axiomatic one.
You can also use SuperFormula to calculate all kinds of probabilities and advantage percentages. The option L — At least M successes in N trials is a very useful gambling instrument. If you play 19 numbers in one spin, the probability to win is 50%. If you play 19 numbers in 2 consecutive spins, the probability to win at least once is 75%.
Editor's note
• In an apparent change of heart, the Hamburg casino (Spielbank) offers online roulette results for free. The new link is (for the time being!):
www.spielbank-hamburg.de/spielsaal/permanenzen.php4
• • Real-life roulette spins are also available from the Wiesbaden, Germany, Casino (Spielbank)
Chinese new year celebration crown casino no deposit. www.spielbank-wiesbaden.de/DE/621/Permanenzen2.php: Wiesbaden Spielbank Permanenzen
Roulette: Software, Systems, Super Strategy
See a comprehensive directory of the pages and materials on the subject of roulette, software, systems, and the Super Strategy.- Theory, Mathematics of Roulette Systems, Strategies, Software.
- The Best-Ever Roulette Strategy, Systems based on mathematics of progressions and free-for-all.
- An inventory of free and outrageously pricedroulette systems.
- Software, Systems: Roulette Wheel Positioning, Sectors, Birthday Paradox.
- 'Roulette System that Won Millions!'
~ Ion Saliu's roulette theory, systems, and software were pirated by an Australian gambling group. - James Bond Roulette System for Dozens, Columns.
- Roulette Systems, Threats from Casino Chairman.
- Anti-Gambler Advice from John Patrick, Casino Moleextraordinaire and conspirator.
- Wizard of Odds Had High Praise For Ion Saliu's Gambling Theory.
- Casinos pay troubled individuals to intimidate intelligent gambling system authors.
- Download roulette, blackjack, casino gambling, systems, software.
Roulette Odds On 00
| Home | Search | New Writings | Odds, Generator | Contents | Forums | Sitemap |
Three rounds of the game, showing two, three and four fingers. | |
| Genre(s) | Hand game |
|---|---|
| Players | 2 |
| Setup time | None |
| Playing time | Instant |
| Random chance | None |
| Skill(s) required | Psychology |
Odds and evens is a simple game of chance and hand game, involving two people simultaneously revealing a number of fingers and winning or losing depending on whether they are odd or even, or alternatively involving one person taking picking up coins or other small objects and hiding them in their closed hand, while another player guesses whether they have an odd or even number. The game may be used to make a decision or played for fun.
The finger game is also known as swords, choosies, pick, odds-on poke, or bucking up.[1] This zero-sum game, a variation of the ancient morra and par-impar,[2] is played in Europe and the US, especially among children.
History[edit]
Roulette Odds Evens Strategy
This game was known by the Greeks (as artiazein) and Romans (as ludere par impar). In the 1858 Krünitzlexikon it says:[3]'The game Odds and Evens was very common amongst the Romans and was played either with tali, tesseris, or money and known as 'Alea maior', or with nuts, beans and almonds and known as 'Alea minor'.'[4]
A medieval reference is found in the Renner by Hugo von Trimberg (verse 2695).
Odds and Evens (Gerade und Ungerade) is included in the list of games prohibited in Austria-Hungary in 1904 by the Ministry of Justice.
Roulette Odds Generator
Playing[edit]
The game has similarities with the finger game of Morra or Fingerlosere one person hides their hand and then quickly folds or extends one's fingers and the other player has to guess how many fingers are folded or extended.[5]
In Odds and Evens, however, individuals prepare by deciding who will be assigned odds and who will be evens. Then, one or both people say 'One, two, three, shoot!' or 'once, twice, three, shoot!'[6] As the word 'shoot' is said, the two people quickly and simultaneously thrust a fist into the center, extending either an index finger, or both the middle and index finger, indicating one or two. The sum total of fingers displayed is either odd or even. If the result is odd, then the person who called odds is the victor, and can decide the issue as they see fit.[7][8][9] Often, the participants continue to shoot for a best two out of three.[10]
From a game-theoretic perspective, the game is equivalent to matching pennies. See that article for analysis of the strategies and chances of winning.
Adaption[edit]
Roulette Odds One Number
The name Even-Odd or EO (Gerade und Ungerade) was even given to a predecessor of roulette in the 18th century. This continues today in modern roulette in the bets on Pair and Impair.
See also[edit]
- Chetno i likho – a game of chance where the players have to guess if the hidden objects are even or odd.
- Coin flipping – a method of making a yes-or-no decision at random.
- Drawing straws – a method of making a group decision - choosing one member of the group.
- Matching pennies – a game of chance with a similar strategic structure, using coins instead of fingers.
- Parity game – an unrelated (and much more complicated) two-player logic game, played on a colored graph.
- Rock paper scissors – a game where each player has three alternatives instead of two.
References[edit]
- ^Cohon, Jared L (2004). Multiobjective Programming and Planning. Courier Dover Publications. p. 234. ISBN978-0-486-43263-2.
- ^'A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities'. www.perseus.tufts.edu. 1890. Retrieved 2016-02-06.
- ^Krünitzlexikon von 1858
- ^http://www.kruenitz1.uni-trier.de/xxx/g/kg01509.htm
- ^Meyers Konversationslexikon 1885-1892, Stichwort Gerade und Ungerade
- ^https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZOLs03vILs.Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ^'Odds and Evens'. Elliott Avedon Museum and Archive of Games. University of Waterloo. Retrieved 2011-11-15.
- ^Matthews, Patrick (25 October 2010). 'Throwing Fingers: Odd & Even'. Games For Educators. Retrieved 2011-11-15.
- ^'Game Theory'(PDF). Advance Praise for Introduction to Operations Research.
- ^Wise, Debra; Forrest, Sandra (2003). Great Big Book of Children's Games. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 16. ISBN978-0-07-142246-8.
